IR Windows Calcium Fluoride CaF2 Windows

Silicon is used as an optical window primarily in the 3 to 5 micron band and as a subsrate for production of optical filters and windows. Silicon (Si) is grown by Czochralski pulling techniques (CZ) and contains some oxygen that causes an absorption band at 9 microns. To avoid this, material can be prepared by a Float-Zone (FZ) process. Optical silicon is generally lightly doped (5 to 40 ohm cm) for best transmission above 10 microns, and doping is usually boron (P-type) and phosphorus (N-type). After doping silicon has a further pass band: 30 to 100 microns which is effective only in very high resistivity uncompensated material.

ZnSe is used widely for IR components, windows and lenses, and applied for Thermal Imaging, FLIR,  Medical systems and Co2 Laser Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) Windows are ideal for a wide variety of infrared applications including thermal imaging, FLIR, and medical systems.

Magnesium Fluoride Windows applicable for wide range spectrum, transmits well into the VUV region at the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line and beyond and it is particularly useful for Excimer laser application.It is resistant to mechanical and thermal shock, to radiation, and is chemically stable.

Germanium (Ge) is the preferred lens and window material for high performance infrared imaging systems in the 8–12 um wavelength band.

Fused silica window, with low thermal expansion,  providing stability and resistance to thermal shock over large temperature excursions, wide thermal operating range and high laser damage threshold, is a better choice for transmission from UV to IR.

BK7 window is the most common type of window. It has good performance over visible and near infrared wavelength regions. At the same time, BK7 window is ideal for applications require minimal transmitted beam deviation. It is suitable for AR coating.

Color glass changed the spectral properties of optical radiation. They therefore allow scientific experiments and industrial applications where that change is necessary. You can combine color glass filters together to change the bandpass or to increase the attenuation. Color glass change the spectral properties of optical radiation. They therefore allow scientific experiments and industrial applications where that change is necessary. You can combine color glass filters together to change the band pass or to  increase the attenuation.

Sapphire window retains its high strength at high temperatures, has good thermal properties and excellent transparency. It is chemically resistant to common acids and alkali at temperatures up to 1000 °C as well as to HF below 300 °C. These properties encourage its wide use in hostile environments where optical transmission in the range from the vacuum ultraviolet to the near infrared is required.